Elastic-fluid turbine.



C. A. BAGKSTRGM.

BLASTIC FLUIDTUBBINE.

APPLIoA'rIox Hmm 001230. 190s.

Patnted Nov.1, 1910.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES: l 1700 I v /TTMNEK C. A. BACKSTROM.

ELASTIG FLUID TURBINB. APPLICATION FILED 00T. s0, 1909,

Y y W07/ v Patented Nm 1, 1910.

l TTD/MEV.

unirsi) STATES PATENT- onirica.

CHARLES A. B ACKSTROM, 03.? PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNUB T INTER- i v .NATIONAL POWER GENERATOR COMPANY, A COBPQRATION 0F DELTABE.

mais?.

To all womit concc'm:

Be it known that I, CnARLEsA. BACK- in the'city of Philadelphia, State of- Penn- Sylvania, have-invented certain new and use- -suitable gnerator, of a suitable fuel, such as hydrocar n, and compressed air, delivered under governing mechanism, to the generaton The turbine so .combined with and actuated by .the'means stated, I deem t0 be Uenerically new, and toit I have given theI title of multi-fluid turbine, as appropriately descriptive thereof.

The ultimate objects of the invention are primarily to increase the economyr of operation of the ordinary steam turbine and to increase its efficiency, and incidentally to provide a turbine in which the governor element automatically controls the production of motive iiuid in roportion to the load.

To these ends t ie invention, in the form in which I have reduced it to practice and shown it in the annexed drawin Y, consists of th'e combination with a suitab egsupporting and connecting bed-plate; of an elastic fluid turbine of any usual type, a gaseous Huid generator and mixer, an air-compressor. supplying air thereto, Water, fuel and air passages, with valves governing the same, means to actuate the said series of valves, and a goveinor controllin said valve-actuatin means between the e ement-s.

-T e invention further 'comprises detail features of the concrete device, including especially the governor element andits ad- ]unct-ive parts, which latter believe to.be wholly new.

In tbe accompanying drawxngsillustrating my invention, Figure 1 is aside elevation, partly in section, of a', device comprising in combined relation, the housing of a turbine with moiintings for its shaft, an airmsric-rLUin aimante.

Specication of Letters Patent.4 Application tiled' October 30, 1909. Serial No. 5254,91.

moisi, citizen of the United States, residing compressor, with mountings for'. its shaft, 'av

Patented Nov. i; fisio. i

governor device, with suitable valvular connections interposed between them, and a gaseous iiuid generator. and mixer suitably mounted above said elements and in ap ropriate relation' to the turbine element. gig. 2 is a plan view of the adjunctive parts, inclu rax'nmatic in character, of the overnor, its

riving shaft, the valve controlling a source 'l of force such' as oil under pressure, for suppiyingair from the compressor to the fluid generator,fuel to the generator, and water to the generator. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view oi the centrifugal 1 ment; Fig. 5 is a like sectionala view of the olor liquid hydraulic controlling Fig. 6 is a like viewofl the hydraulic c lin'- de'r'whose piston rod, under control' o vthe governor, controls 'the air fuel and water supply to the fluid generator. Fig. 7 is a overnor elevalve.

central sectional .v'iew of the valve controlling the oil or other -fuel sup l Fig. Sis a. section on vthe line zvofpAI ig. 7, superposed on a longitudinal section of the airvalve. Fig. 8* is a section of the airvalve taken on tliecurved line :1J- m .of Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 is a horizontal section of the weten.

controlling valve. Referring now to said drawings, 1 indicatas a bed-.plate of suitable construction to operatively unite and support the combined' mechanisms; 2 indicates a. turbine housin containing the usual elemental part-s of an elastic fluid turbine, of any known type; 3 indicating its shaftand 3 the stationary geov protecting sleeves inside of which tlie shaft l rotates; 4 are the bearings for such shaft, and 5 the inlet for the actuating fluid to theA turbine. On the lefthand side of.'Fi 1, the coucpled section of the driving sliagiyt 3, mounte riorlyc`ontained mechanism of an air-comin its bearings 4 on either side, is l appropriately connected to drive the intepresser indicated at 6, which may be of any' usual turbo type.` L

Appropriate y above the turbine housing 2,- by means, for example, of three bracket supports 7, 7*, shown in plan view on rightliand side of Fig. 2, is a fluid generator ixidicated at 8, the finctions of which, in the combined mechanism, are to receive, in suitablepropoitions (automatically 'regulated overnor element and i ng the supports for the fluid'generator and mixer over the turbme housing. Fig. 3 is`an elevation, diaby a governor mechanism hereinafter described) air4 and hydro-carbon or other t'uel. to burn the same in a suitable burner, to malte steam in a suitable boiler forming a partof such fluid generator, and to mix such steam with the gases resulting from the combustion of the fuel, delivering such admixed steam and products of combustion through a suitable. passageway to the. inlet of the turbine.

While a different construction of fluid generator capable of performing the functions stated, may be substitutct in 'the combination for the particular generator' shown in section in- Fig. 1 of,the drawings, l prefer to usethat, as the most effective known to nie; and for a fuller description ot it. refer to my pending and allowed application ot it., Serial No. 519,633 wherein it. is fully shown and described.

A tubular connection 9 leads from the compressor 6 to the inlet of a distributer 9,

whiehis atlthe base of the generator 8 below the burners 10h therein. Said tubular con nection 9 1s provided with a valve 10 interposed in its length and contiguous to the aforesaid inlet to the distributor; and the i function of ,this valve is to control the inder 16 and its piston rod 16a amount of air admitted to the burners of the generator in proportion to the fuel admitted, such appropriate relative proportion being maintained autoznaticalhr by the governor mechanism hereinafter described. Back of the air-valve 10, which has a balanced piston 10 actuated through its stem 11, is a valve l2 controlling the tubular conduit 19 of the hydro-carbon or other suitable fuel source of supply (sec Fig. 3). Said valve 12 is actuated through its stem 1:2". Contiguous to each-ot' the same is arranged a rotary Valve indicated at 13 controlling the supply of water` through conduit 13, the arrows indicatingr the inlet and discharge, the former making connection with any source of water supply and the latter leading to the suction end of the pumps 14 (Fig. 2) and thence to the fluid generator S. The three valves 10, 12 and 13 are operated tofrether through suitable link connections int icatcd at; 15 by means of a hydraulic cyl- (see 'also Fig. (i). c

' By reference to thelefthand side of Fig. 3 will be'seep a value1? -(illustrated in dctlail inA Fig. 5). which controls a. plurality of pip'es li the central-one-of which leads to a. constant4 source o' vtorce, such as oil under pressure. Said valve. also controls al paix-'of pipes 17l;connecting with the h vdraulie cylinder L6.. .The barrel orrasing ol said valvef17 isproridcd interiorly with an annularly-channeled. and lwrforated busbing 1'7",v said 4channels' and pcrt'orations formingpassageways -whcu brom-f1- into reglster, bythe movement. of the valve pis-- tons 1T", to establish communication between the source-ot torce and the h vdraulic c vlin-v der. on one side or the other, and attuate its piston. 'llie other two o i' lhe three ports are. b) the saine movement-'ot' the valve, 70 brought. into api'iropriatc communication with the opposite ports ll to dis'fimrge the oilon the opposite side of the piston in the hydraulic c vliudrr. Within the bushing 1" -is mounted `and actuated the said valve 1T. 75 which consists of three pistons 1T" mounted. in .spaced relation, on the stem 1?. The latter (see Fig. Il) connected. b v means of the levcr lo'. and links ll and 1S to the pis-' ton rod Hi ot the h i'druulic cylinder lli. 8c 'l'he said lever IH is connected to a rod 19 leading 'directly to and actuated vertically b v the governor mechanism shown in detail section in Fig. 4. and which isof the ordinar)v type-ot' a centrifugal governor Said 85 rod l) passes upvard through a hollow rotatable governor-shat't 191, on which latter is carried a gear 22, which meshes with a gear El on shaft. 23 which drives. the pumps 14; and on said shaft 23 is, mounted 90. a worm-gear 24 driven hy a worm on the I turbine shaft. 3, see Fig. il. l

The operation of the device is as followsz-Jhe fluid generator being put into action by means ot' :unfurnished from a 95 storage tank, er otherwise, the motive liuid generated therein will be delivered to the turbine. the shaft. of which puts into appropriate motion the air-compressor, the govcrnor mechanism and the water feed pumps. 10'0 When a. change tulies place in tbe speed or load of the turbine, Kthe governor will, by means ot' the connecting actuating -tnecha nism described, control the valve ports lead` ing to the air, fuel and water sources of sup- 305 plv, and keep the speed normal.

These results-are etleeted because in the generator' element. the combustion of the fuel em- .ployeth preferably a hydro-carbon. takes place at a pressure above the normal work- 1 10 inlgr pressure ot' the turbine; and the combustion gases as also the. vapor generated, mix in their pass o and through the tubular connect ion with the turbine and supply thereto a plurality of expansive motive V lluids. Also because the admission of compresscd air, fuel and water to the generator is automatically regulated b v suitable valvular devices to meet the load requirements of the turbine., and controlling such valvular devices =to4 keep the fluids generated propoi-tional 'to the load of the turbine. The same operative relation exists between the lurbineaud thc turbo compressor in respect.

ol the lattcrs absorption of power Yfrom the Former. indicated hy the volume of air cmuprcsscd and dclivercdyand lbecause of that., asalso ot' the governor mechanism actuated by` the turbine. thc same relation above.- stated also exists as between the cmnpressor and the generator in that the valvular de'- v'ee, which regulates the volume of au' dcllvered from the compressor to the genera- 01', controlled inl its action by the governor :j and itsadjunct-1-e parts, governs the absorption of power from the former to the latter. Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure b v Letters Patent iL. 1. The combination, constituting a multi- .=.luid turbine, of an elastic Quid turbine ele- "ment, means to generate and deliver thereto a plurality of expansive motive. tluids,nieaus,

--'fprovided with valvular devices, to supply materials to said generator; and a governor ladapted to operate as a speed responsive del vice driven b v the turbine, u ith eonnectimr actuating mechanism, controlling said valvular devices. v

2. 1n a multi-fluid ttu'bine comprising a s .turbine element. a generator adapted to euply thereto a plurality of expansive motive nids, and a turbo com ressor driven directly by the turbine sliatt, with a valvular '25 device controlling the admission of air therefrom to the generator, of a valvular device controlling a. source of supply of water, and another valvular device controlling a lsource of'supply of fuel, delivered to the generator,

80 a governor adapted to operate as a speed re- 3. In a multi-tlud turlzine, a turbine element, means` to generate and supply thereto a plurality of expensive motive fluids, `a turbo compressor, a valvular device between the same and thegeneator, means to deliver water to the generator. a valvular deto"V`- vice between said elements, a source of supply' of fuel to the generator with interposed controllingvalvola;l device, a series of levers actuating said series of valvular devices, a hydraulic cylinder whose piston rod actualtes said levers, a valve mechanism governing the supply of fluid under preesure to actuate said hydraulic cylinder, and a governor driven from the turbine shaft, witlr interposed connecting mechanism actuating said laet mentioned valve mechanism under regulative control of the Governor.

'In testimony whereof: I have hereunto affixed nl v signature this 25th day of October A. D. 1909.

CHARLES A. BACKSTROM.

Wi tnesses:

A. M. Bloom, R. A. DUNLAP. 

